Category: Locations

Locations where cicadas can be found, including countries and continents.

Categories
Francis Walker Genera Insectorum Puerto Rico Zammara Zammarini

Zammara intricata Walker, 1850

Zammara intricata Walker, 1850 (in case you’re wondering “Walker” is the person who first described this cicada, and 1850 was the year he described it) is another beautiful cicada belonging to the Zammara genus. Zammara cicadas are known for their prominent pronotal collars that inspire thoughts of Dracula the vampire, their brilliant green to turquoise colors, and infuscation (the dark areas) on their wings. Zammara intricata has a lot of infuscation in their wings, even for a Zammara. Intricata means “complex”, which might be a reference to the complexity of the infuscation.

It is found in Puerto Rico.

Scientific classification:
Family: Cicadidae
Sub Family: Cicadinae
Tribe: Zammarini
Genus: Zammara
Species: Zammara intricata Walker, 1850

Zammara intricata Walker, 1850

Zammara Amyot & Serville genus description by W. L. Distant:

Characters. — Head (including eyes) about as wide as base of mesonotum, ocelli farther removed from eyes than from each other, eyes prominent but scarcely projecting beyond the anterior pronotal angles, vertex strongly depressed before base of front; face longer than broad, narrowly sulcate; pronotum shorter than mesonotum, the lateral margins angularly ampliate; mesonotum about as long as head and pronotum together; metanotum exposed; abdomen short; tympanal coverings outwardly complete, the orifices very widely exposed internall} – ; opercula short, oblique; rostrum reaching or slightly passing the posterior coxae; tegmina usually three times as long as broad, apical areas eight; wings with six apical areas.

References:

  1. The illustration comes from the journal Genera Insectorum, and a specific article from 1914 by W. L. Distant titled Homoptera. Fam. Cicadidae, Subfam, Gaeaninae. Read it on the Biodiversity Heritage Library website.
  2. Species name information/verification comes from Allen Sanborn’s Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha).
Categories
Brazil Ecuador Fidicinini François de Laporte Genera Insectorum Hemisciera W. L. Distant

Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832)

I’m starting a new series on this blog called “has its name changed?” I’m looking through old documents and papers and using modern documents like Allen Sanborn’s Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) to check. Cicada names change from time to time, based on new discoveries by the modern cicada research/science community, and sometimes to fix grammar (like gender agreement between genus and species).

This cicada is Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832), also known as the “stop and go” or “stop light” cicada because of the red and green color of its wings. If you want to see one in real life, they exist in Central and South America, specifically Panama, Ecuador, Brazil, and adjacent nations. If you’re in New York and you want to see one, they have a few in the collection at the Staten Island Museum — last time I was there, there was a faded one in a display by the door (UV rays fade cicada specimen colors).

Scientific classification:
Family: Cicadidae
Subfamily: Cicadinae
Tribe: Fidicinini
Sub Tribe: Guyana
Genus: Hemisciera
Species: Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832)

And, since 1914 at least, its name has not changed.

Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832)

A specimen from the Staten Island Museum:
Stop and Go

Hemisciera Amyot & Serville genus description by W. L. Distant:

Characters. — Head (including eyes) considerably broader than base of mesonotum, eves porrect, more or less stylate, length of head about equal to half its breadth between eyes, and distinctly shorter than pronotum which is about equal in length to mesonotum; abdomen a little shorter than space between apex of head and base of cruciform elevation, tympanal coverings in male with their inner margins strongly concave; metasternal plate well developed, centrally longitudinally impressed and anteriorly produced on each side; rostrum reaching the posterior coxae; anterior femora strongly spined beneath; opercula in male small, transverse, not extending beyond base of abdomen, tegmina about two and a half times as long as broad, with eight apical areas and the basal cell about as long as broad.

References:

  1. The illustration comes from the journal Genera Insectorum, and a specific article from 1914 by W. L. Distant titled Homoptera. Fam. Cicadidae, Subfam, Gaeaninae. Read it on the Biodiversity Heritage Library website.
  2. Species name information/verification comes from Allen Sanborn’s Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha).
  3. Tribe information comes from: MARSHALL, DAVID C. et al.A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification.Zootaxa, [S.l.], v. 4424, n. 1, p. 1—64, may 2018. ISSN 1175-5334. Available at: https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4424.1.1
Categories
Brazil Fidicinoides Ovipositing Quesada

Coffee and Cicadas

Instarbucks

When I think of cicadas I rarely think of them as an agricultural pest, mostly because I’m located in the U.S. where they’re not quite a menace to agriculture as other creatures can be, like aphids or the dreaded, invasive Spotted Lanternfly. Periodical cicadas can be a pest to fruit trees1 — tip: don’t plant an orchard where periodical cicadas live. Whenever there is an emergence of periodical cicadas some of the weaker, ornamental, or fruit trees will be lost to damage from ovipositing (egg-laying). In these cases, the cicadas are impacting non-native trees introduced into America — apples, pears, and peaches are originally from Asia — and these trees did not evolve to withstand cicadas and their root-sucking, egg-laying ways. I. “Cicada lawyer” recommends that I don’t give too much advice in this area.

Cicada Lawyer
Cicada Laywer says “don’t give advice you aren’t willing to back up in court, and we need to discuss your ‘Instarbucks logo’.”

Outside the U.S., cicadas can have more of an impact on agriculture. In Australia, the Brown sugarcane cicada (Cicadetta crucifera), Green cicada (C. multifascia), and Yellow sugarcane cicada (Parnkalla muelleri) suck on sugar plant roots when they’re nymphs, which can cause poor or failed ratoons2. Also in Australia, the Bladder Cicada is said to cause severe damage to olive trees when they oviposit (lay eggs in branches)3.

I was researching the cicadas of Brazil, trying to ID a cicada someone emailed me. One thing I noticed was a lot of papers about cicadas mention coffee (cafeeiro). Papers have names like, “Description and key to the fifth-instars of some Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) associated with coffee plants in Brazil”4, or “Description of new cicada species associated with the coffee plant and an identification key for the species of Fidicinoides (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Brazil”5. These documents often contain wonderful cicada information, illustrations, and photos, just the sort of stuff I’m looking for.

Coffee and cicadas. Cafeeiro e cigarras. This association piqued my interest because I am both a huge fan of cicadas and coffee. Both are addictions, and if I tried to quit either, it would be painful (I’ve tried — lots of headaches). I enjoy cicadas as a hobby, and coffee as a stimulant and treat. I’ve even thought of opening a cafe called “Instarbucks” (that is a joke for entomologists).

Unfortunately, the association between coffee and cicadas is that cicadas are pests of the coffee plant. As nymphs, they suck the xylem roots of the coffee plant, and may occasionally cause damage4. Of course, coffee farms will be none too pleased about possible damage to their cash crops, so a lot of research goes into cicadas and their relationship to the coffee plant. Coffee is not native to Brazil, it originates from Ethiopia, and so it’s another non-native species of plant, grown for agricultural reasons, that is impacted by a native species of cicada. I’m sensing a pattern here. The unfortunate (for cicadas) reality is that folks will use information about the cicadas to control them, rather than risk damage to their coffee crops.

I’ll use the rest of this article to discuss coffee + cicada papers and some highlights within.

Description and key to the fifth-instars of some Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) associated with coffee plants in Brazil4:

This paper is interesting as it describes and visually illustrates the physical characteristics of each instar (phase) of the cicadas development during their nymph stage. It covers these cicadas: Dorisiana drewseni (Stål) Dorisiana viridis (Olivier), Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius), Fidicinoides pronoe (Walker) and Carineta fasciculata (Germar). Related to coffee, these researchers are providing the knowledge that allows folks to identify fifth-instar nymphs, for the purpose of determining the extent of a plant’s cicada infestation4.

Oviposition of Quesada gigas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in coffee plants.6:

This paper describes and visually illustrates the ovipositing behavior of Quesada gigas (the Giant Cicada). Related to coffee — other than the fact that Q. gigas will lay their eggs in the coffee’s tree branches — this paper provides ideas for preventing the egg-laying behavior, such as the removal of dry branches from “the upper third of the coffee plant, which is the preferred egg-laying location”6.

Nice photo of the bearly 2mm long cicada eggs — very small for a very large cicada.

Description of the Nymphs of Quesada gigas (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) Associated with Coffee Plants6:

Unfortunately, I cannot read Portuguese, so I cannot read this article. That said, the illustrations of the Quesada gigas nymphs (ninfas) contained within are wonderful.

Description of new cicada species associated with the coffee plant and an identification key for the species of Fidicinoides (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Brazil7:

This paper describes a new cicada, Fidicinoides sarutaiensis Santos, Martinelli & Maccagnan sp. n, and provides information, illustrations and photos to help identify this cicada and others belonging to the genus Fidicinoides, including F. opalina, F. sericans, F. pauliensis, F. picea, F. pronoe, F. distanti, F. brisa, F. rosabasalae, F. brunnea, F. besti, F. sucinalae, F. saccifera, F. jauffretti, and F. pseudethelae. Related to coffee, these cicadas feed on the xylem roots of coffee plants.7

This paper includes wonderful photos of key parts of these cicadas’ anatomy, which is very helpful for identifying them.

Instarbucks

There are many more papers about cicadas that appreciate coffee plants as much as you do. I’ll leave it up to you to research further.

If I had to choose, I’d choose cicadas over coffee. Which would you choose?

Sources:

  1. Tree Fruit Insect Pest – Periodical Cicada
  2. Peter Samson, Nader Sallam, Keith Chandler. (2013). Pests of Australian Sugarcane.
  3. Spooner-Hart, Robert & Tesoriero, L & Hall, Barbara. (2018). Field Guide to Olive Pests, Diseases and Disorders in Australia.
  4. DMACCAGNAN, DHB and MARTINELLI, NM. Description and key to the fifth-instars of some Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) associated with coffee plants in Brazil. Neotrop. entomol. [online]. 2011, vol.40, n.4 [cited 2018-09-18], pp.445-451. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2011000400006&lng=en&nrm=iso. ISSN 1519-566X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2011000400006.
  5. Santos RS, Martinelli NM, Maccagnan DHB, Sanborn AF, Ribeiro R (2010) Description of new cicada species associated with the coffee plant and an identification key for the species of Fidicinoides (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 2602: 48-56.
  6. DECARO JUNIOR, SERGIO T; MARTINELLI, NILZA M; MACCAGNAN, DOUGLAS H. B. and RIBEIRO, EDUARDO S.. Oviposition of Quesada gigas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in coffee plants. Rev. Colomb. Entomol. [online]. 2012, vol.38, n.1 [cited 2018-09-18], pp.1-5. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-04882012000100001&lng=en&nrm=iso. ISSN 0120-0488.
  7. DHB Maccagnan, NM Martinelli. Descrição das ninfas de Quesada gigas (Olivier)(Hemiptera: Cicadidae) associadas ao cafeeiro. Neotropical Entomology, 2004 – SciELO Brasil.
  8. SANTOS RS, MARTINELLI NM, MACCAGNAN DHB, SANBORN AF,RIBEIRO R. Description of new cicada species associated with the coffee plant and an identification key for the species of Fidicinoides (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 2010.
Categories
Australia Brood X Life Cycle Periodical

Cicada Fun with Google Trends

Note: I originally took this article down because embedding Google Trends slowed down the loading of the page. I’m republishing without the embeds.

This article was inspired by Serious Fun with Google Trends by Simon Leather.

Google Trends is a Google website that lets you see trends in the search terms over time. When people search for “cicada” it usually means cicadas have emerged in their area at the time they search.

The following graph shows when people searched for “cicada” over the past 10 years in the United States. The largest spike, in May of 2004, coincided with the emergence of Brood X. See it on Google Trends.

Google Trends 2004-2015

You might think that periodical cicada emergences cause the largest spikes, but not always — and not just because periodical cicadas don’t emerge every year.

2004: Cicada searches spiked May 16-22, which was Brood X — Magicicadas.
2005: Jul 31-Aug 6 spike which was for Neotibicen Cicadas. No periodical cicadas.
2006: Aug 13-19, Neotibicen Cicadas. No periodical cicadas.
2007: May 20-26, Brood XIII — Magicicadas.
2008: Brood XIV Magicicadas emerged (spike Jun 8-14), but the largest spike was Jul 29-Aug 2, Neotibicen Cicadas.
2009: Aug 16-22, Neotibicen Cicadas.
2010: Aug 8-14, Neotibicen Cicadas.
2011: May 29-Jun 4, Brood XIX — Magicicadas.
2012: Jul 29-Aug 4, Neotibicen Cicadas.
2013: May 5-11, Brood II — Magicicadas.
2014: Brood XXII — Magicicadas had a relatively small spike May 25-31, compared with Aug 24-30 for Neotibicen Cicadas (late season due to cool weather). There was also a teeny bit of a spike around January of 2014 due to the “cicada 3301” meme/game.
2015: Brood XXIII & IV Magicicadas emerged (spike around Jun 7-13), but the largest spike was around Aug 9-15 for Neotibicen Cicadas.

Which cities had the most cicada searches over the past 14 years? Nashville, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Arlington, Washington, Alexandria, Pittsburg, St. Louis, Columbus, and Chicago. Time to move to Nashville.

Australia

In Australia, searches for “cicadas” peaks in December (summertime in Australia). It looks like there is a year-over-year pattern arising as well, with peaks every 4 years (2009, 2013, 2017) particularly, if you drill down to New South Wales.

Australia Google Trends

Other countries

  • Argentina peaks in March for cigarra.
  • Brazil peaks in October and April for cigarra.
  • France peaks in July for cigales.
  • Mexico peaks in May or June for chicharra, but October for cigarra.
  • New Zealand peaks in February for cicadas.
  • South Korea peaks in July for 매미.
  • Spain peaks in July for cigarra.

Now I know when to visit these countries. 🙂

Try it yourself.

Categories
Genera Locations

Cicadas In the U.S.A, Canada, World-Wide, by Genus and Tribe

Photos of Cicadas Around the World

There are over 3,390 species of cicadas in the world1. The species on this site represent a fraction of those. Start your journey by choosing a regional link below.

U.S and Canada specific guides:

North American Cicada pages that feature cicada calls:

  1. Beameria venosa aka Aridland Cicada. May-August. AZ, AR, CO, IA, KS, MO, NE, NM, OK, TX, UT.
  2. Beameria wheeleri. May-July. AZ, NM.
  3. Cacama valvata aka Common Cactus Dodger. May-June. AZ, CA, CO, KS, NV, NM, OK, TX, UT.
  4. Cicadettana calliope calliope aka Southern Grass Cicada. June-August. AL, AR, CO, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MS, MO, NE, NC, OH, OK, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA.
  5. Cicadettana camerona. May-June. TX.
  6. Cicadettana kansa. May-June. AZ, CO, KS, LA, NE, NM, OK, TX.
  7. Cicadettana texana. May-June. TX.
  8. Clidophleps vagans. May-June. AZ, CA, NV.
  9. Cornuplura nigroalbata. AZ.
  10. Diceroprocta apache aka Citrus Cicada. June-August. AZ, CA, CO, NV, UT.
  11. Diceroprocta arizona. June. AZ.
  12. Diceroprocta aurantiaca. June. NM, TX.
  13. Diceroprocta averyi. June. TX.
  14. Diceroprocta azteca aka Scrub Cicada. July-August. KS, OK, TX.
  15. Diceroprocta bequaerti. AL, AR, LA, MS, OK, TX.
  16. Diceroprocta biconica. FL, Cuba.
  17. Diceroprocta eugraphica. June-July. AZ, CO, KS, NM, OK, TX.
  18. Diceroprocta knighti. June-July. AZ, Mexico.
  19. Diceroprocta marevagans. July-August. TX.
  20. Diceroprocta olympusa aka Olympic Scrub Cicada. June-July. AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC.
  21. Diceroprocta semicincta. June-July. AZ, NM.
  22. Diceroprocta swalei swalei. June. AZ.
  23. Diceroprocta texana. June-August. TX, NM.
  24. Diceroprocta vitripennis aka Green Winged Cicada. June-August. AL, AR, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MI, MS, MO, NE, OK, TN, TX, WI.
  25. Hadoa bifida. May-July. AZ, CO, KS, NM, OK, TX, UT.
  26. Hadoa chiricahua. May-August. AZ, NM.
  27. Hadoa duryi. May-August. AZ, CO, NM, OK, TX, UT.
  28. Hadoa inaudita. June-August. AZ, CO, NM, OK, TX.
  29. Hadoa longiopercula. AZ.
  30. Hadoa parallela. July-September. AZ.
  31. Hadoa simplex. May-June. AZ.
  32. Hadoa texana. June-September. NM, OK, TX.
  33. Hadoa townsendii. May-June. AZ, NM, TX.
  34. Magicicada cassinii aka Cassini 17-Year Cicada*. May-June. GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MD, MO, NC, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV.
  35. Magicicada neotredecim*. May-June. AR, IA, IL, IN, KY, MO, TN.
  36. Magicicada septendecim aka Linnaeus’s 17-Year Cicada*. May-June. CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NE, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, WI, WV.
  37. Magicicada septendecula*. May-June. GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MO, NC, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, TN, VA, WV.
  38. Magicicada tredecassini*. May-June. AL, AR, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MO, MS, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, VA.
  39. Magicicada tredecim*. May-June. AL, AR, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MO, MS, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, VA.
  40. Magicicada tredecula*. May-June. AL, AR, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, VA.
  41. Megatibicen grossus aka Northern Dusk Singing Cicada. June-October. AL, AR, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, MS, MO, NE, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV, WI.
  42. Megatibicen cultriformis aka Grand Western Flood Plain Cicada. August-October. AZ, NM, CA.
  43. Megatibicen dealbatus aka Plains Cicada. June-September. CO, IA, KS, MT, NE, NM, ND, OK, SD, TX, WY.
  44. Megatibicen dorsatus aka Giant Grassland Cicada. July-September. AR, CO, ID, IL, IA, KS, MO, MT, NE, NM, OK, SD, TX, WY.
  45. Megatibicen figuratus aka Fall Southeastern Dusk-singing Cicada. August-October. AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, SC, TN, TX, VA.
  46. Megatibicen harenosus. August-September. NM, TX.
  47. Megatibicen pronotalis pronotalis. August-October. IA, MO, NE, ND, OK, SD.
  48. Megatibicen pronotalis walkeri aka Walker’s Cicada. August-October. AL, AR, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NC, ND, OH, OK, SD, TN, TX, VA, WV, WI, and WY.
  49. Megatibicen resh aka Resh Cicada. July-September. AR, KS, LA, MS, NE, OK, SC, TN, TX.
  50. Megatibicen resonans aka Southern Resonant Cicada. June-October. AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, SC, TN, TX, VA.
  51. Megatibicen tremulus aka Cole’s Bush Cicada. June-September. CO, KS, NE, OK, TX.
  52. Neocicada chisos. April-May. TX.
  53. Neocicada hieroglyphica aka Hieroglyphic Cicada. May-August. AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MS, MO, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA.
  54. Neocicada hieroglyphica johannis. May-July. FL.
  55. Neoplatypedia constricta. May-July. AZ, CA, CO, ID, NV, NM, OR, UT.
  56. Neotibicen auriferus aka Plains Dog-day Cicada. August-September. AR, KS, MO, NE, NM, OK, TX.
  57. Neotibicen canicularis aka Dog-day Cicada. July-September. AR, CT, DC, IL, IN, IA, KS, ME, MB, MD, MA, MI, MN, MO, NE, NB, NH, NJ, NY, NC, ND, NS, OH, ON, PA, PE, QC, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WV, WI.
  58. Neotibicen davisi aka Davis’ Southeastern Dog-Day Cicada. August-October. AL, DE, DC, FL, GA, LA, MD, MA, MS, NJ, NY, NC, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV.
  59. Neotibicen latifasciatus aka Coastal Scissors Grinder Cicada. July-October. FL, MD, NJ, NC, VA.
  60. Neotibicen linnei aka Linne’s Cicada. July-September. AL, AR, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NJ, NY, NC, OH, ON, PA, SC, TN, VT, VA, WV, WI.
  61. Neotibicen lyricen engelhardti aka Dark Lyric Cicada. July-September. AL, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IN, IL, KY, MD, MA, MS, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, WV.
  62. Neotibicen lyricen lyricen aka Lyric Cicada. June-August. AL, AR, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, MS, MO, NE, NH, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OK, ON, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV, WI.
  63. Neotibicen lyricen virescens aka Costal Lyric Cicada. June-October. FL, GA, NC, SC.
  64. Neotibicen pruinosus pruinosus aka Scissors Grinder. June-October. AL, AR, CO, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NC, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, WV, WI.
  65. Neotibicen robinsonianus aka Robinson’s Cicada. June-October. AL, AR, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, KS, MD, MS, MO, NC, OH, PA, TN, TX, VA, WI.
  66. Neotibicen similaris apalachicola. June-October. FL, AL, GA.
  67. Neotibicen similaris similaris aka Similar Dog-Day Cicada. June-October. AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, SC.
  68. Neotibicen superbus aka Superb Dog-Day Cicada. June-August. AR, KS, LA, MO, NM, OK, TX.
  69. Neotibicen tibicen australis aka Southern Swamp Cicada. June-September. AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN, VA.
  70. Neotibicen tibicen tibicen aka Morning Cicada. June-September. AL, AR, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, MS, MO, NE, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VT, VA, WV, WI.
  71. Neotibicen winnemanna aka Eastern Scissors Grinder. June-August. DE, DC, GA, MD, NC, NJ, PA, SC, VA.
  72. Okanagana balli**. June-July. IL, IA, KS, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI.
  73. Okanagana bella aka Mountain Cicada**. June-July. AB, AZ, BC, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, SD, UT, WA, WY.
  74. Okanagana canadensis aka Canadian Cicada**. June-July. AB, BC, CA, CO, ID, ME, MB, MI, MN, MT, NB, NH, NY, NT, OH, ON, OR, PA, QC, SK, SD, UT, VT, WI.
  75. Okanagana fumipennis**. May-July. AZ, CO, NM, UT.
  76. Okanagana hesperia**. June-July. AZ, CA, CO, KS, MT, NE NV, NM, OK, SD, TX, UT, WY.
  77. Okanagana rimosa rimosa aka Say’s Cicada**. May-July. AB, BC, CA, CT, ID, IL, IN, IA, ME, MB, MD, MA, MI, MN, MT, NV, NB, NH, NJ, NY, ND, OH, ON, OR, PA, QC, SD, UT, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY.
  78. Okanagana synodica synodica aka Walking Cicada**. June-July. AB, AZ, CA, CO, IA, KS, MO, MT, NE, NM, ND, OK, OR, SD, TX, UT, WY.
  79. Okanagana utahensis**. May-July. AZ, BC, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA.
  80. Okanagana vanduzeei**. June-July. BC, CA, ID, NV, OR, UT, WA.
  81. Okanagana viridis aka Cotton Green Cicada**. June-July. AR, LA, MS, TX.
  82. Pacarina puella aka Little Mesquite Cicada. May-July. AZ, LA, OK, TX.
  83. Platypedia putnami putnami**. May-July. AZ, BC, CA, CO, ID, MT, NE, NV, NM, OR, SD, UT, WA,WY.
  84. Platypedia similis**. April-May. CA, OR.
  85. Quesada gigas (Olivier, 1790) aka Giant Cicada. April-June. TX, Mexico.

*Magicicada are periodical cicadas, so you will only find them every 13 or 17 years.
** Okanagana and Platypedia are often proto-periodical, and do not appear every year, but they are not as predictable as periodical cicadas. Read Guessing at when the next Platypedia or Okanagana hatch will happen and Platypedia putnami survey at Horsetooth Mountain Open Space by Tim McNary.

Cicada by State:

Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.

Cicadas by Canadian Provence:

Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan.

Northern Hemisphere:

Brunei, Cambodia, Cameron, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, England, Egypt, France, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, India, Italy, Japan, Laos, Mexico, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panama, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Turkey, United States, Vietnam, Venezuela

Equatorial:

Brazil, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ecuador, Indonesia

Southern Hemisphere:

Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Botswana, Fiji, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malaysia, Namibia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, South Africa, Solomon Islands, Zimbabwe

World Wide Cicada Websites:

Periodical cicada forecasts:

There are two known species of periodical cicadas that are not Magicicada . One lives in Chremistica ribhoi in India and the other in Raiateana knowlesi in Fiji.

YEAR! Chremistica ribhoi in India Raiateana knowlesi in Fiji Magicicada in the U.S.
2024 Leap Year brood Brood XIX, Brood XIII
2025 YES Brood XIV
2026 World Cup brood
2027 Brood XXII
2028 Leap Year brood Brood XXIII
2029 Brood I
2030 World Cup brood Brood II
2031 Brood III
2032 Leap Year brood Brood IV
2033 YES Brood V
2034 World Cup brood Brood VI
2035 Brood VII
2036 Leap Year brood Brood VIII
2037 Brood IX, Brood XIX
2038 World Cup brood Brood X
2039
2040 Leap Year brood
2041 YES Brood XIII

Cicada Tribes 2:

Arenopsaltriini, Carinetini, Cicadatrini, Cicadettini, Cicadini, Cosmopsaltriini, Tacuini (Cryptotympanini), Cyclochilini, Dundubiini, Fidicinini, Gaeanini, Hyantiini, Lahudadini, Lamotialnini, Leptopsaltriini, Macrotristriini, Oncotympanini, Parnisini, Platypediini, Platypleurini, Polyneurini, Psaltodini, Psithyristriini, Sonatini, Talaingini, Taphurini, Tettigadini, Thophini, Tibicinini, Tosenini, Zammarini

Cicada Genera:

Afzeliada, Aleeta, Ambragaeana, Amphipsalta, Anapsaltoda, Angamiana, Antankaria, Arenopsaltria, Ariasa, Arunta, Auritibicen, Ayesha, Ayuthia, Balinta, Basa, Beameria, Becquartina, Berberigetta, Cacama, Calliopsida, Callogaeana, Calyria, Carineta, Champaka, Chlorocysta, Chonosia, Chremistica, Chrysolasia, Cicada, Cicadatra, Cicadetta, Cicadettana, Cicadmalleus, Clidophleps, Clinopsalta, Cornuplura, Cosmopsaltria, Cryptotympana, Cyclochila, Cystosoma, Daza, Derotettix, Diceroprocta, Diceropyga, Diemeniana, Distantalna, Dorachosa, Dorisiana, Dundubia, Euryphara, Euterpnosia, Fidicina, Fidicinoides, Formotosena, Gaeana, Graptopsaltria, Hadoa, Hamza, Haphsa, Hemisciera, Heteropsaltria, Hilaphura, Huechys, Hyalessa, Ioba, Kamalata, Kikihia, Koma, Kongota, Lahugada, Lembeja, Leptopsaltria, Lethama, Lyristes, Macrosemia, Macrotristria, Magicicada, Majeorona, Maoricicada, Mata, Maua, Megapomponia, Megatibicen, Meimuna, Miranha, Mogannia, Muansa, Munza, Myopsalta, Neocicada, Neoplatypedia, Neopsaltoda, Neotibicen, Odopoea, Okanagana, Okanagodes, Ollanta, Oncotympana, Orialella, Orientopsaltria, Pacarina, Pachypsaltria, Pauropsalta, Platylomia, Platypedia, Platypleura, Polyneura, Pomponia, Proarna, Procollina, Psaltoda, Psithyristria, Purana, Pycna, Quesada, Raiateana, Salvazana, Semia, Sulphogaeana, Tacua, Talainga, Tanna, Taona, Terpnosia, Tettigades, Tettigarcta, Tettigettalna, Thopha, Tibicen, Tibicina, Tibicinoides, Tosena, Trengganua, Tugelana, Tympanoterpes, Uhleroides, Umjaba, Yanga, Yezoterpnosia, Yoyetta, Zammara

1 The Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) by Allen F Sanborn. Academic Press. 14th November 2013.

2 Tribe information comes from: MARSHALL, DAVID C. et al.=A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification.Zootaxa, [S.l.], v. 4424, n. 1, p. 1-64, may 2018. ISSN 1175-5334. Available at: https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4424.1.1.

Categories
Megatibicen Tacuini (Cryptotympanini) U.S.A.

Megatibicen resh aka the Resh Cicada

Megatibicen resh (formerly Neotibicen resh and Tibicen resh) is commonly known as the Resh Cicada because the markings on its back resemble the Hebrew symbol Resh “ר”. The Resh Cicada has been documented to be found in Arkansas, Kansas, Lousiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennesee, and Texas.

Most people will discover them by finding their exuvia (shed skins, “shells”) on trees, or by their striking calls at sunset. I first encountered this cicada in Dallas, Texas near Pioneer Plaza (cattle sculptures). First I found the exuvia on oak trees (I needed a 3′ stick added to my 8′ reach to knock them down), and then at sunset I heard their call (which I mistook for M. auletes (which is not in Texas)). Listen to their song.

It is one of the smaller Megatibicen — maybe only M. dealbatus is smaller. Compare sizes using this image by Kathy Hill. Its compound eyes are gray-beige, with a black “mask” between the eyes, and its simple eyes are pink. Its ventral side is white and caramel colored. Its dorsal side is dominated by a light green color, with black, brown and white — forming a symmetrical camouflage pattern — which helps to hide the cicada in its arboreal habitat. Recently molted, golden pruinose shimmers on its head, pronotum, mesonotum, and abdomen.

Megatibicen resh molting adult

During the molting process, up until the cicada’s body sclerotizes (hardens), the cicada’s body is leaf-green (camouflaged like a hanging leaf).

Megatibicen resh spreading wings 2

The exuvia of the Resh cicada is large and easy to spot, even high up in trees. Even though molted adults are closer in size to N. tibicen than M. auletes, the exuvia of M. resh is comparable to M. auletes, which is the largest cicada in North America.

Resh Auletes and Tibicen

More photos from this series: Megatibicen resh gallery.

Categories
Daza Mexico Miranha Odopoea Procollina Rhynchota Zammara Zammarini

Collared cicadas of Mexico, Central & South America

Most of the information on this website is focused on cicadas of the U.S.A. and Canada. There are plenty of cicadas south of the U.S., of course. Recently we started getting identification (ID) requests for cicadas of Mexico, and with the help of experts (Geert Goemans and Allen Sanborn) and a paper from the early 20th century, I was able to ID them all.

A large number of the IDs were for cicadas with pronounced pronotal collars. Many of these look like the same species, but they’re not. Many of these species are found from Mexico, throughout Central America down to South America.

On this page are six collared cicadas that exist in Mexico, Central America and South America. Illustrations come from Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Homoptera. Vol. I by W. L. Distant and The Rev Canon W. W. Fowler, F.L.S. I updated the names to their current names (the source is about 100 years behind the times, expectedly so). Note that the illustrations from this document are of dead specimens, so the colors were faded at the time they were illustrated.

Daza montezuma (Walker, 1850)

Formerly Odopoea montezuma. This cicada is actually tourquois to pale blue when alive. Red eyes. No infuscation (coloration) in the wings. Link to original illustration..

Daza montezuma

Zammara smaragdina Walker, 1850

Green with black infuscation in the wings.

Zammara smaragdina Walker, 1850

Here is a photo by Andreas Key (taken in Ecuador):

Emerald Cicada, Zammara smaragdina

Zammara calochroma Walker, 1858

Green with remarkable black infuscation in the wings.

Zammara calochroma Walker, 1858

Miranha imbellis (Walker, 1858)

formerly Odopoea imbellis

Miranha imbellis (Walker, 1858)

Procollina medea (Stål, 1864)

formerly Odopoea medea

Procollina medea (Stål, 1864)

Odopoea azteca Distant, 1881

Odopoea azteca Distant, 1881

References:

  • Allen F. Sanborn. Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha). Academic Press. 2014. 10.1016/B978-0-12-416647-9.00001-2
  • Goemans, Geert. (2010). A historical overview of the classification of the Neotropical tribe Zammarini (Hemiptera, Cicadidae) with a key to genera. ZooKeys. 43. 10.3897/zookeys.43.386.
  • This flicker gallery of cicadas with collars. I think Geert curates this.
  • W. L. Distant et al. Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Homoptera. Vol. I (1881-1905)
  • A recent, related article by Allen: Allen F. Sanborn. 2018. The cicada genus Procollina Metcalf, 1952 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Redescription including fourteen new species, with a key to the species of the subtribe Dazina Kato, 1932 rev. stat., the description of the Aragualnini n. tribe, and one new combination. Zootaxa 4389(1):1. 10.11646/zootaxa.4389.1.1.
Categories
Annette DeGiovine U.S.A.

Website highlight: Long Island Cicadas

Long Island Cicadas is a blog about cicadas created and maintained by artist & photographer Annette DeGiovine.

Annette is a fantastic photographer and citizen scientist.

Long Island Cicadas

Here’s a sample of the articles on the blog.

Categories
Locations

Cicadas of Africa

There are far more species in Africa than you’ll find on this page, but this is a start.

Click or tap the image for information about the cicada.

Afzeliada hyalina (Distant, 1905)

Antankaria signoreti (Metcalf, 1955)

Berberigetta

New Cicada: Berberigetta dimelodica

Brevisana

Brevisana brevis, the LOUDEST cicada

Cicadatra flavicollis Horváth, 1911

flavicollis

Ioba limbaticollis (Stål, 1863)

Koma bombifrons (Karsch, 1890)

Kongota punctigera (Walker, 1850)

Muansa clypealis (Karsch, 1890)

Munza laticlavia

Quintilla aurora

Quintilia aurora

Platypleura polydorus (Walker, 1850)

Tugelana butleri Distant, 1912

Ugada nutti Distant, 1904

Umjaba evanescens (Butler, 1882)

Yanga brancsiki (Distant, 1893)

Blog catagories

Categories
Argentina Brazil Ecuador Genera Paraguay

Cicadas of South America

There are far more species in South America than you’ll find on this page, but these are among the most well known.

Carineta Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843

Carineta diardi photo by Pia Öberg taken in Brazil
Carineta diardi photo by Pia Öberg taken in Brazil.

More about the Carineta genus, and Carinetini tribe.

Chonosia Distant, 1905

Chonosia crassipennis
Chonosia crassipennis photo.

More about the Chonosia genus, and Tettigadini tribe.

Fidicina Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843

Fidicina mannifera from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem.
Fidicina mannifera from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem.

More about the Fidicina genus, and Fidicinini tribe.

Hemisciera Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843

Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832)

More about the Hemisciera genus.

Majeorona Distant, 1905

Majeorona aper from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem. 2005.
Majeorona aper from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem.

More about the Majeorona genus, and Fidicinini tribe.

Quesada Distant, 1905

Quesada gigas from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem
Quesada gigas from Brazil, Photo by Leonardo Milhomem.

More about the Quesada genus, and Hyantiini tribe.

Zammara Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843

Zammara smaragdina
Zammara smaragdina Walker, 1850.

More about the Zammara genus, and Zammarini tribe.

Tettigades Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843

Tettigades mexicana Insecta Rhynchota

More about the Tettigades genus, and Tettigadini tribe.

Blog posts by country:

Links for further research:

If you’re researching Cicadas in the Neotropic ecozone, which is Central and South America, here are some resources that will help you:

1) Follow Andreas Kay’s Flickr feed. He posts many excellent cicada photos from Ecuador. Many cicadas found in Ecuador are not endemic, so the cicadas you see in Andreas’ Flickr feed should be found in adjacent countries.

2) Visit Cigarras do Brasil – Brazilian Cicadas for photos and information about the cicadas of Brazil.

3) Read Jacobi (1907) “Homoptera Andina”. (Not sure where to find it – maybe eBay).

4) Read: Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Homoptera. Volume I (1881-1905) by W. L. Distant and W. W. Fowler. It is available online. Here is a sample from that book:

Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Homoptera. Volume I (1881-1905) by W. L. Distant and W. W. Fowler

5) Search for papers written by Allen F. Sanborn. Here is how to search for cicada research papers online.

6) Use ITIS to traverse cicada species names and get listings of papers about the cicada — then search for the cicada names and papers.

7) Many photos and sound files of Paraguayan cicadas.

Thanks again to David Emery!

Click the images for larger versions, the species name and the name of the photographer.